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1.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 18(1):41-41, 2021.
Article in French | EuropePMC | ID: covidwho-2300203

ABSTRACT

Objectif Le confinement en lien avec la pandémie de SARS-CoV-2 a eu des répercussions variées et inattendues sur les habitudes de vie des patients. Les études récentes sur l'augmentation de l'observance de la Pression Positive Continue (PPC) à l'échelle nationale et de l'augmentation du temps de sommeil total nous ont incité à vérifier les données en Ile de France qui a constitué une région avec une prévalence très importante de COVID19. Méthodes Nous avons recueilli les données d'observance des patients de 3 hôpitaux d'Ile de France des 2 mois avant ("M-2”), 2 mois pendant ("M0”) et un mois après ("M + 1”) le confinement national. Résultats Sur une cohorte de 342 personnes (hommes 69 %), d'âge moyen de 67,4 ± 12,9 ans, la durée moyenne de l'appareillage par PPC était de 7,9 ± 6 ans. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre les données des 3 hôpitaux. Une augmentation significative de l'observance a été constatée pendant le confinement, avec une moyenne de 390,9 ± 130 min (vs 378,2 ± 127,9 min M-2, p = 0,00019), mais cette augmentation n'a pas persisté après le déconfinement avec une moyenne de 376 ± 128,2 min (M-2 vs M + 1, p = 0,61). Conclusion Malgré les recommandations de la SFRMS de cesser l'utilisation de la PPC au moindre symptôme, une augmentation de l'observance pendant le confinement a été observée dans cette cohorte francilienne. Compte tenu de l'âge moyen des patients (>âge de la retraite en France), cette augmentation est probablement multifactorielle et nécessite de prendre en compte les facteurs psychologiques liés à la prise en charge des maladies chroniques et à l'impact psychologique de COVID19.

2.
Chronobiol Int ; 40(3): 300-309, 2023 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2233108

ABSTRACT

The global covid-19 pandemic has imposed radical changes in daily lives. This study reflects upon sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (sleep-wake rhythm, psychiatric symptoms, and alcohol use behavior) during the full lockdown, comparing individuals who increased their alcohol use (iAU), those who maintained a stable use (sAU), and those who did not consume alcohol (AnoU). Participants were recruited via e-mails and they were required to complete an online survey that included questionnaires, during the last week of the full lockdown. The iAU group, compared to the sAU group, presented more disturbed sleep (PSQI; p < .001), more severe insomnia (ISI; p < .001), shorter sleep duration (p < .001), longer sleep latency (p < .001), and less regular sleep-wake schedules (p = .005). They also reported more anxiety (HAD-A; p = .009), more depressive symptoms (HAD-D: p = .006) and more psychotraumatic symptoms (PCL-5: p = .018). Moreover, the sAU group, compared to AnoU, showed better quality of sleep (PSQI; p = .002) and less severe anxiety symptoms (HAD-A; p = .014). Maintaining a stable use was also related to a better quality of life associated with bigger homes with more frequent outdoors living spaces and higher monthly incomes. Individuals who increased their alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 lockdown exhibited more sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances, as well as more (severe) psychiatric symptoms.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Depression , Humans , Depression/psychology , Circadian Rhythm , Quality of Life , Pandemics , Communicable Disease Control , Sleep , Alcohol Drinking
3.
J Sleep Res ; : e13752, 2022 Oct 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2228950

ABSTRACT

Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder and a public health concern that increased during the Covid 19 pandemic. Fully restrictive lockdowns during Covid are interesting periods to examine the impact of environmental and behavioural changes on the emergence of insomnia symptoms. In this cross-sectional study we aimed to (1) determine the main factors associated with insomnia symptoms during a Covid-19 fully restrictive lockdown examining the associated daily life alterations and (2) create a predictive model of insomnia symptoms. We used the data drawn from the "Covid-RythmE" study that reached volunteers from the general French population through an online survey during the last 2 weeks of the 2 month full lockdown. Associations with insomnia symptoms were tested and significant associations were entered in a Backward Stepwise Logistic Regression (BSLR) to assess the best combination to classify individuals with or without insomnia symptoms. From the 1624 participants, 50.64% suffered from mild to severe insomnia symptoms as assessed by the ISI. The best combination for explaining insomnia symptoms with 74.26% of accuracy included: age (OR = 1.15), females (OR = 1.26), smaller home sizes (OR = 0.77), environmental noises (OR = 1.59), anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.24), depressive symptoms (OR = 1.15), regularity of sleep-wake schedules (OR = 1.25), exposure to screen during the morning (OR = 1.13), and LED light during the evening (OR = 1.17). Thus, lifestyle schedule and exposure to natural synchronizers such as light, are primordial in considering in insomnia physiopathology, prevention and treatment, as well as the associated mental health status.

4.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 19(1):34-35, 2022.
Article in French | ScienceDirect | ID: covidwho-1698848

ABSTRACT

Objectif Depuis le début de la pandémie de COVID-19, les symptômes persistants sont devenus une préoccupation croissante. L’objectif de notre étude est d’évaluer les symptômes psychiatriques et ceux liés au sommeil après une infection à COVID-19, ainsi que sur leur relation avec les autres symptômes résiduels. Notre hypothèse est que les patients ayant souffert d’une infection plus sévère auront une moins bonne qualité de sommeil et des scores plus élevés sur les échelles psychométriques. Méthodes Il s’agit d’une étude prospective conduite à l’hôpital Bichat (AP–HP) comprenant une évaluation clinique systématique des patients 3 mois après une infection à COVID-19, au moyen de questionnaires (ESS, ISI, PSQI, HAD, PCL-S, QIDS-SR16) et d’un entretien standardisé. Résultats Sur les 102 patients inclus, 34,3 % souffraient de symptômes anxieux, 22,5 % de symptômes dépressifs, et 10 patients présentaient des idées suicidaires. Sur le plan du sommeil, 19,6 % étaient somnolents, 34,3 % souffraient d’insomnie, et 53,9 % présentaient une altération de leur qualité de sommeil. On ne retrouvait pas de différence significative sur ces scores en fonction de la gravité de l’infection. Les patients avec une plainte de dyspnée avaient des scores significativement plus élevés sur l’échelle d’insomnie avec un score médian de 7,5 [5–14] vs 5 [2–10] (p=0,026). Conclusion Notre étude montre une prévalence élevée de symptômes anxieux, dépressifs, et de troubles du sommeil à 3 mois d’une infection à COVID-19. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité d’un suivi à long terme de ces patients, afin d’observer l’évolution de ces manifestations.

6.
Journal of Sleep Research ; n/a(n/a):e13480, 2021.
Article in English | Wiley | ID: covidwho-1410137

ABSTRACT

Summary The full 2-month lockdown to fight the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 led to substantial disruption of daily life and routines. The present study aimed to comprehensively identify the lockdown?s effects on sleep, daily rhythms and emotions of the French population. A survey was published online during the last week of the 2-month full lockdown and 1,627 individuals completed the online survey. The survey was self-administered and included standardised questionnaires. Sleep schedules were delayed during lockdown in more than half of the participants. New severe delayed sleep phase affected 10% of participants with sleep schedules delayed by ≥3 hr during the lockdown compared to before. A significant decrease in exposure to morning (p < 0.001) and evening natural light (p < 0.001), a significant increase in screen exposure time (with a significant screen exposure >3 hr during the evening for 45% of the participants during lockdown versus 18% before lockdown, p < 0.001), an increase in substance use for one-quarter of participants, a poorer sleep quality in 56% of participants, and less regular sleep schedules in 48% of participants were observed. We also found a poorer sleep quality in women than men during lockdown (p = 0.004). The French full lockdown had a severe impact on sleep quality, sleep?wake rhythms, and sleep behaviours. The implementation of public health strategies for the prevention and care of sleep?wake cycles during lockdown are therefore essential.

7.
Respir Med ; 184: 106435, 2021 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1230751

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Lung function in survivors of SARS-Co-V2 pneumonia is poorly known, but concern over the possibility of sequelae exists. METHODS: Retrospective study on survivors with confirmed infection and pneumonia on chest-CT. Correlations between PFT and residual radiologic anomalies at three months taking into account initial clinical and radiological severity and steroid use during acute phase. RESULTS: 137 patients (69 men, median age 59 (Q1 50; Q3 68), BMI 27.5 kg/m2 (25.1; 31.7)) were assessed. Only 32.9% had normal PFT, 75 had altered DLCO. Median (Q1; Q3) values were: VC 79 (66; 92) % pred, FEV1 81 (68; 89), TLC 78 (67; 85), DLCO 60 (44; 72), and KCO 89 (77; 105). Ground glass opacities (GGO) were present in 103 patients (75%), reticulations in 42 (30%), and fibrosis in 18 (13%). There were significantly lower FEV1 (p = 0.0089), FVC (p = 0.0010), TLC (p < 0.0001) and DLCO (p < 0.0001) for patients with GGO, lower TLC (p = 0.0913) and DLCO (p = 0.0181) between patients with reticulations and lower FVC (p = 0.0618), TLC (p = 0.0742) DLCO (p = 0.002) and KCO (p = 0.0114) between patients with fibrosis. Patients with initial ≥50% lung involvement had significantly lower FEV1 (p = 0.0019), FVC (p = 0.0033), TLC (p = 0.0028) and DLCO (p = 0.0003) compared to patients with ≤10%. There was no difference in PFT and residual CT lesions between patients who received steroids and those who did not. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients have altered PFT at three months, even in patients with mild initial disease, with significantly lower function in patients with residual CT lesions. Steroids do not seem to modify functional and radiological recovery. Long-term follow-up is needed.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnostic imaging , COVID-19/physiopathology , Forced Expiratory Volume , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Vital Capacity , Female , Humans , Lung/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography, Thoracic , Respiratory Function Tests , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Front Physiol ; 12: 624062, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1178021

ABSTRACT

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has affected millions of people worldwide, and pneumonia affects 90% of patients. This raises the possibility of millions of people with altered lung function. Few data exist to date on pulmonary function after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but alteration of diffusion capacity of CO (D LCO) is the most frequently described abnormality. First, we present original data on lung function at 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss the effect of using European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) or Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) reference equations to diagnose diffusion capacity. Second, we review existing data on D LCO alteration after SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss the implication of restrictive disorder in D LCO alteration. Last, we discuss the pathophysiology of D LCO alteration and try to disentangle vascular damage and fibrosis.

9.
Front Physiol ; 11: 622466, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1120618

ABSTRACT

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide since the end of year 2019 and is currently responsive for coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). The first reports considered COVID-19 as a respiratory tract disease responsible for pneumonia, but numerous studies rapidly emerged to warn the medical community of COVID-19-associated neurological manifestations, including encephalopathy at the acute phase and other postinfectious manifestations. Using standard visual analysis or spectral analysis, recent studies reported electroencephalographic (EEG) findings of COVID-19 patients with various neurological symptoms. Most EEG recordings were normal or revealed non-specific abnormalities, such as focal or generalized slowing, interictal epileptic figures, seizures, or status epilepticus. Interestingly, novel EEG abnormalities over frontal areas were also described at the acute phase. Underlying mechanisms leading to brain injury in COVID-19 are still unknown and matters of debate. These frontal EEG abnormalities could emphasize the hypothesis whereby SARS-CoV-2 enters the central nervous system (CNS) through olfactory structures and then spreads in CNS via frontal lobes. This hypothesis is reinforced by the presence of anosmia in a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients and by neuroimaging studies confirming orbitofrontal abnormalities. COVID-19 represents a new viral disease characterized by not only respiratory symptoms but also a systemic invasion associated with extra-respiratory signs. Neurological symptoms must be the focus of our attention, and functional brain evaluation with EEG is crucial, in combination with anatomical and functional brain imaging, to better understand its pathophysiology. Evolution of symptoms together with EEG patterns at the distance of the acute episode should also be scrutinized.

10.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 18(1):41, 2021.
Article in French | ScienceDirect | ID: covidwho-1087161

ABSTRACT

Objectif Le confinement en lien avec la pandémie de SARS-CoV-2 a eu des répercussions variées et inattendues sur les habitudes de vie des patients. Les études récentes sur l’augmentation de l’observance de la Pression Positive Continue (PPC) à l’échelle nationale et de l’augmentation du temps de sommeil total nous ont incité à vérifier les données en Ile de France qui a constitué une région avec une prévalence très importante de COVID19. Méthodes Nous avons recueilli les données d’observance des patients de 3 hôpitaux d’Ile de France des 2 mois avant (“M-2”), 2 mois pendant (“M0”) et un mois après (“M+1”) le confinement national. Résultats Sur une cohorte de 342 personnes (hommes 69 %), d’âge moyen de 67,4±12,9 ans, la durée moyenne de l’appareillage par PPC était de 7,9±6 ans. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative entre les données des 3 hôpitaux. Une augmentation significative de l’observance a été constatée pendant le confinement, avec une moyenne de 390,9±130min (vs 378,2±127,9min M-2, p=0,00019), mais cette augmentation n’a pas persisté après le déconfinement avec une moyenne de 376±128,2min (M-2 vs M+1, p=0,61). Conclusion Malgré les recommandations de la SFRMS de cesser l’utilisation de la PPC au moindre symptôme, une augmentation de l’observance pendant le confinement a été observée dans cette cohorte francilienne. Compte tenu de l’âge moyen des patients (>âge de la retraite en France), cette augmentation est probablement multifactorielle et nécessite de prendre en compte les facteurs psychologiques liés à la prise en charge des maladies chroniques et à l’impact psychologique de COVID19.

11.
Front Physiol ; 11: 614590, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1063353

ABSTRACT

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, most attention has focused on containing transmission and addressing the surge of critically ill patients in acute care settings. As we enter the second phase of the pandemic, emphasis must evolve to post-acute care of COVID-19 survivors. Persisting cardiorespiratory symptoms have been reported at several months after the onset of the infection. Information is lacking on the pathophysiology of exercise intolerance after COVID-19. Previous outbreaks of coronaviruses have been associated with persistent dyspnea, muscle weakness, fatigue and reduced quality of life. The extent of Covid-19 sequelae remains to be evaluated, but persisting cardiorespiratory symptoms in COVID-19 survivors can be described as two distinct entities. The first type of post-Covid symptoms are directly related to organ injury in the acute phase, or the complications of treatment. The second type of persisting symptoms can affect patients even with mild initial disease presentation without evidence of organ damage. The mechanisms are still poorly qualified to date. There is a lack of correlation between initial symptom severity and residual symptoms at exertion. We report exercise hyperventilation as a major limiting factor in COVID-19 survivors. The origin of this hyperventilation may be related to an abnormality of ventilatory control, by either hyperactivity of activator systems (automatic and cortical ventilatory control, peripheral afferents, and sensory cortex) or failure of inhibitory systems (endorphins) in the aftermath of pulmonary infection. Hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia can cause a multitude of extremely disabling symptoms such as dyspnea, tachycardia, chest pain, fatigue, dizziness and syncope at exertion.

14.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 2020.
Article | WHO COVID | ID: covidwho-186382

ABSTRACT

RESUME Depuis mi-mars 2020, l’épidémie de COVID-19 a conduit à la suspension de la prise en charge des patients présentant des troubles du sommeil et de la vigilance. Bien qu’ayant rarement un caractère urgent, cette prise en charge ne peut être repoussée indéfiniment. Des propositions visant à établir les modalités de reprise progressive des activités de médecine du sommeil ont été élaborées grâce à la méthodologie CORE qui permet de dégager rapidement un consensus d’experts lorsque les données probantes sont insuffisantes. La réalisation d’explorations diagnostiques du sommeil et de la vigilance, doit être limitée aux patients pour lesquels la balance bénéfice-risque est favorable de manière indiscutable et lorsque les résultats sont susceptibles d’avoir un impact décisif sur une stratégie thérapeutique, en privilégiant la téléconsultation et les enregistrements ambulatoires. Le strict respect de la distanciation physique et des autres mesures barrière, le port d’équipement de protection par le personnel en fonction des tâches, l’utilisation de matériel à usage unique si possible, et des procédures rigoureuses de nettoyage et de désinfection de l’équipement et des locaux doit permettre de limiter les risques de transmission du SARS-CoV-2 entre le patient et les soignants. Les propositions du groupe d’experts sont valables au moment de leur publication mais seront bien entendu réévaluées et complétées très régulièrement en fonction de l’évolution des connaissances scientifiques et des recommandations des autorités de santé basées sur l’évolution de l’épidémie. SUMMARY Since mid-March 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic has led to the suspension of sleep clinic and sleep center operations. Although rarely urgent, sleep disorder management cannot be postponed indefinitely. Proposals to clarify the modalities for the gradual resumption of sleep medicine services have been developed using the CORE methodology, which allows for rapid expert consensus when the evidence-based data is weak. The performance of diagnostic sleep and alertness tests must be limited to patients for whom the benefit-risk balance is indisputably favorable and when the results are likely to have a decisive impact on a therapeutic strategy, with priority being given to teleconsultation and ambulatory recordings. Strict adherence to physical separation and other barrier measures, the use of protective equipment by staff and of single-use equipment whenever possible, and strict cleaning and disinfection procedures for equipment and premises should limit the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between patient and staff members. The proposals of the expert group are valid at the time of their publication but will be re-evaluated and updated regularly according to the development of scientific knowledge and the recommendations of the health authorities based on the evolution of the epidemic.

15.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 2020.
Article | WHO COVID | ID: covidwho-47320

ABSTRACT

Résumé A la fois le confinement lié au virus Covid-19 et le stress induit par la pandémie peuvent entraîner des perturbations importantes des rythmes et du sommeil. Des experts du sommeil de la section Sommeil et rythmes biologiques en Psychiatrie (SoPsy) de l’Association Française de Psychiatrie Biologique et de Neuropsychopharmacologie (AFPBN) et de la Société Française de Recherche et Médecine du Sommeil (SFRMS), en partenariat avec le Réseau Morphée et l’Institut National du Sommeil et de la Vigilance (INSV), proposent ici des conseils pour bien dormir et garder ses rythmes. Des recommandations spécifiques sont adressées d’une part aux adultes et d’autre part aux parents pour leurs enfants. Les personnes avec un trouble de l’humeur (dépression, trouble bipolaire, etc) doivent particulièrement prêter attention et conserver des routines durant cette période afin de maintenir une humeur stable. Il est proposé des stratégies d’autogestion pour renforcer l’horloge biologique, tous les jours ! Les recommandations comportent des astuces simples et pratiques pour le jour et la nuit, mais aussi des conseils spécifiques à ce contexte pour limiter l’exposition au stress et mieux le gérer. Enfin, quelques sources et liens utiles sont proposés. Both, the confinement itself and the stress induces by the Covid-19 virus pandemic can lead to significant disruptions in habitual rhythms and sleep. Sleep experts from the Sleep and Biological Rhythms in Psychiatry section (SoPsy) of the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology (AFPBN) and the French Society of Sleep Research and Medicine (SFRMS), in partnership with the Morphée network and the National Institute of Sleep and Vigilance (INSV), offer recommendations on how to sleep well and to keep your rhythms. Specific recommendations are addressed on the one hand to adults and on the other hand to parents for their children. People affected by mood disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, etc.) should particularly pay attention to maintaining routines during this period in order to maintain a stable mood. Self-management strategies are suggested to strengthen the biological clock, every day! The recommendations include tips for day and night, but also some specific advices for this context, to limit stress exposure and to improve its management. Finally, useful online ressources and links are suggested.

16.
Médecine du Sommeil ; 2020.
Article | WHO COVID | ID: covidwho-47282

ABSTRACT

Résumé En plus de l’impact psychologique du confinement et de l’épidémie, il existe des répercussions sur le sommeil qu’il faut prendre en compte par la mise en place de stratégies adaptées afin de maintenir un bon état de santé mental et de santé général. Le confinement peut désorganiser le sommeil en impactant d’une part les rythmes circadiens par une diminution de l’intensité des synchroniseurs extérieurs, d’autre part peut favoriser l’insomnie dans cette période de stress aigu et enfin être source d’une privation de sommeil chez ceux qui sont en première ligne et qui gèrent la crise. Pour cela il est important de mettre en place certaines stratégies de préventions de ces perturbations de sommeil afin d’atténuer l’impact psychologique, infectieux et faire face de manière optimale à cette situation que nous vivons tous. In addition to the psychological impact of quarantine, there are sleep disturbances that must be taken into account by implementing appropriate strategies in order to maintain good mental and general health. Quarantine can disrupt sleep first in impacting circadian rhythms by decreasing the intensity of zeitgebers, second can promote insomnia in this period of acute stress and third can be a source of sleep deprivation in those on the front line and managing the crisis. For this it is important to put in place strategies to prevent these sleep disturbances in order to reduce the psychological, infectious impact and deal optimally with this situation that we are all experiencing.

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